The report aims to provide a research framework to guide governments, civil society, donors and key stakeholders to design and produce relevant research as part of collective effort to reduce the extreme vulnerability of transgender people to HIV, while protecting their rights in the Asia-Pacific Region. The conceptualization and development process underlying this report arose out of two meetings: the Asia Pacific Regional Dialogue of the Global Commission on HIV and the Law held on 17 February 2011 in Bangkok, Thailand and the Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Populations Multi-City HIV Initiative Regional Action Planning Meeting held on 6-9 December 2010 in Hong Kong. During both meetings transgender participants called for increased targeted research relating to transgender persons, human rights and access to health services.