This report, implemented by the Williams Institute and the Blue Diamond Society (BDS), presents the findings from a study undertaken to better understand the diversity of sexual and gender minority identities in Nepal and, the demographics, socio-economic status indicators, experiences of stigma and discrimination, and access to HIV services of the country’s sexual and gender minorities. The data and analysis presented provide a glimpse into the lives of sexual and gender minorities in Nepal. By capturing information about sexual orientation and gender identity, as well as behavioural and attraction elements, this research was able to examine the relationships between sexual orientation and gender identity, experiences of discrimination and their impacts, and access to HIV services. By building the survey instrument from other population studies and in consultation with Nepali activists, the information gathered and analyzed sheds light on how survey instruments can and should be inclusive of sexual and gender minorities, and why data about the experiences of sexual and gender minority people should influence policy, planning, and interventions. This report was supported by UNDP under the Multi-Country South Asia Global Fund HIV Programme and the Embassy of Norway in Nepal.