In many of the most fragile post-conflict contexts that count on UNDP support for sustainable recovery, landmines, cluster munitions and explosive remnants of war (ERW) are a significant hindrance to the eradication of extreme poverty and significant reduction of inequalities and exclusion. To be an effective development partner in these settings, UNDP must therefore support the efforts of these countries to rid themselves of landmines and ERW.

UNDP’s support to Development and Mine Action is guided by a Theory of Change that illustrates how UNDP's Development and Mine Action projects contribute to the achievement of our ultimate goal of eradicating poverty and reducing inequalities and exclusion in programme areas. The impact is improved livelihoods (poverty eradication) and reduced marginalization; helping countries achieve simultaneous eradication of poverty and significant reduction of inequalities and exclusion. The key outcomes -  strengthened institutions; access to jobs and diversified livelihoods; improved capacities for inclusive growth and sustainable development - are consistent with the UNDP Strategic Plan, with key outputs focused on policy and institutional development, socio-economic recovery and development. Victim assistance is a key area of work for a number of UNDP programmes on development and mine action.