Climate ambition is nuanced and context specific – but what is clear is that the most vulnerable countries in the world continue to demonstrate leadership in preparing more ambitious climate pledges under the Paris Agreement, known as Nationally Determined Contributions (or NDCs). This report explores trends emerging from “second-generation” pledges under the Paris Agreement and the opportunities being missed to accelerate climate action. Findings informed by UNDP’s Climate Promise support to 120 developing countries on their NDC revision processes.

To see updated 2022 findings and insights from a regional perspective, please visit UNDP's 2022 State of Climate Ambition Regional Snapshots to learn more.