As of 4 April 2025, Russia’s invasion has left over 23% of Ukraine’s territory – approximately 139,000 square kilometers – potentially contaminated with landmines and explosive ordnance (EO). This poses a severe threat to civilians, with thousands already killed or injured by hidden explosives. Raising awareness and ensuring timely, informed decisions are critical to preventing further tragedies and protecting public safety. 

A new study on Ukrainians’ behaviour and perceptions of EO highlights significant challenges in effectively communicating mine safety. Conducted by BBC Media Action in collaboration with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Ukraine and Humanity & Inclusion (HI), the research – undertaken in partnership with the State Emergency Service of Ukraine (SESU) – included nationwide surveys, focus groups, and in-depth interviews. The findings underscore the urgent need for improved risk education and targeted messaging to help communities navigate the ongoing dangers. The study also produced a number of recommendations for more effective communication strategies to enhance public awareness and safety measures. 

Funding for the study was provided by the governments of Japan and the Netherlands, and data collection took place between January and May 2024.