The purpose of this report is to highlight trends in women’s representation in Viet Nam’s government, provide an overview of the legal framework related to women’s leadership and to discuss the challenges and barriers faced by women in the public sector. The report is a review and analysis of recent research findings and government reports related to women in decision making. The report highlights that although there has been considerable progress made by Viet Nam in promoting gender equality and women empowerment, there still remains a gap between the targets and expectations expressed in government legislation and in the actual figures of women’s representation.