This paper examines how decisions are made in setting prices for carbon emissions. It discusses different methods used to tackle these choices, focusing on the balance of economic benefits against social and environmental impacts. Key topics include selecting the best pricing approach, deciding which industries it applies to, and how long it lasts. The importance of looking beyond just pricing to include rules, how money is used, and ensuring fairness is highlighted. The discussion is grounded in real-world policy decisions, like Indonesia's recent carbon tax initiative.